Occupational Health and Safety : Use ISO 45001 to Enhance Workplace Safety

Workplace safety is more than an ethical and legal obligation to employees and other stakeholders. It affects the continuity of operations and bottom-line performance, and ISO 45001:2018 offers a systematic management approach with which to not just meet but even exceed basic regulatory requirements.

Why Should You Attend
While organizations must already comply with OSHA regulations and usually have safety departments with express responsibility for compliance, many do not have OH&S management systems that support these efforts. ISO 45001:2018 offers a framework for an OH&S management system that is compatible with an integrated management system for quality (ISO 9001) and other goals, and helps organizations not just meet but even exceed basic regulatory requirements for workplace safety. This presentation will provide a comprehensive overview of ISO 45001:2018 and add tools such as workplace safety committees, near-miss reports, and job safety analysis for a systematic approach to comprehensive workplace safety.

Areas Covered in the Session 
Attendees will learn the function and application of the seven basic quality tools.
» Industrialists recognized 100 years ago that workplace safety, or lack thereof, affects organizational performance. The Ford Motor Company acted on this, and long before OSHA existed to make it mandatory, by systematically eliminating workplace hazards to make itself one of the safest workplaces on earth.
1. The safest workplaces today get an experience modification rating (EMR) of 0.75, versus 1.50 for the least safe workplaces, so the best workplaces pay half as much in worker’s compensation insurance premiums than the worst ones.
2. OSHA rewards workplaces that qualify for its Voluntary Protection Program (VPP), and helps them achieve it, while “The average VPP worksite has a Days Away Restricted or Transferred (DART) case rate of 52% below the average for its industry.” https://www.osha.gov/vpp/all-about-vpp This is a strong incentive to not just meet the minimum regulatory requirements but to exceed them.
» The structure of ISO 45001 (like other ISO standards) supports continual improvement.
» Clause 4, Context of the Organization, stresses the needs and expectations of workers as relevant interested parties. This standard, unlike most others, puts particular emphasis on the needs and expectations of workers.
» Clause 5, Leadership and Worker Participation, underscores ISO 45001’s focus on workers. 
1. Clause 5.4, “Consultation and participation of workers” does not appear in ISO 9001 but it is a vital element in occupational health and safety because workers are often in the best position to recognize potential hazards. Participation of non-management employees is required for workplace safety committees to meet the requirements of, for example, Pennsylvania’s PENNSAFE program which offers a 5% discount on worker’s compensation insurance (https://www.dli.pa.gov/Businesses/swif/Safety/Pages/Certified-Safety-Committee-Information.aspx)
» Clause 6, Planning
1. Clause 6.1.2, “Hazard identification and assessment of risks and opportunities” is similar in concept to Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA), for which numerous off the shelf techniques are available.
2. Henry Ford’s twelve hazard sources are as valid today as they were 100 years ago, and off the shelf methods ranging from workplace organization (5S) to engineering controls and machine guards can address all but one (inappropriate clothing) for which administrative controls are required. Ford’s “can’t rather than don’t” safety principle is the foundation of both machine guarding and lockout-tagout that make incidents physically impossible.
3. Frontline workers can participate in job safety analysis (JSA) which is synergistic with standard work that supports lean manufacturing.
4. The hiyari hatto (“experience of almost accident situation”) is a near-miss report that can be filed by frontline workers or others.
» Clause 7, Support
1. Clause 7.4, Communication, encompasses hazard communication (HAZCOM) which is a frequent source of OSHSA violations.
» Clause 8, Operations
1. Clause 8.1.2 “Eliminating hazards and reducing OH&S risks.” The methods are, in order of preference, (1) eliminate the hazard, (2) substitute less hazardous conditions, (3) engineering controls, (4) administrative controls that rely on vigilance and compliance, and (5) personal protective equipment (PPE).
2.Clause 8.1.3, “Management of change” stresses the fact that any change in operating conditions can have undesirable and unintended consequences.
3. More on the hierarchy of controls: “In so far as it is practicable it is not a case of ‘Don’t,’ but the installation of devices that stand for ‘Can’t.’” (Norwood, Edwin P. 1931. Ford: Men and Methods. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran & Company Inc. Chapter VI) This means that, instead of putting up a sign that says, “Don’t put your hand under the sewing machine needle” (the Ford Motor Company was suffering 3 to 4 needle injuries a day under these conditions), install a guard to make it impossible to put a hand under the needle (the incident rate dropped to zero). Lockout-tagout is a form of “Can’t rather than don’t.”
4. Clause 8.2, “Emergency preparedness and response.” The coronavirus outbreak is a strong argument for adding infectious diseases if this has not already been done.
» Clause 9, Performance Evaluation
» Clause 10, Improvement, includes the need for corrective and preventive action (CAPA) for incidents and near misses.
» Appendix (in the handout only): an overview of the Army’s Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment process

Who Will Benefit
» All people with responsibility for occupational health and safety

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